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Philippa Roet
Philippa Roet ( 1346〔Galway, Margaret. “Philippa Pan, Phillipa Chaucer.” Modern Language Review 55 (1960). 483–487.〕 – c. 1387) – also known as Philippa Pan or Philippa Chaucer – was the sister of Katherine Swynford and the wife of Geoffrey Chaucer.
==Early life==
Philippa was the daughter of Sir Gilles de Roet, who was a knight of Hainault and accompanied Queen Philippa to England.〔Gray, Douglas. The Oxford Companion to Chaucer. Oxford U.P., 2004. 89.〕 He later became the Guienne King of Arms. There is no history of her mother, but it is thought that Philippa had two sisters and a brother: Katherine, Elizabeth, and Walter.〔 Her father went to serve the queen's sister, Marguerite, who was the empress of Germany and the three younger children – Walter, Philippa and Katherine – were left in the care of Queen Philippa.〔Davis, Craig R. “A Perfect Marriage on the Rocks: Geoffrey and Philippa Chaucer, and The Franklin’s Tale.” Chaucer Review 37.2 (2002). 130.〕
It was her father’s relationship with royalty that gave Philippa and her family high status and a reputation among the upper class, who took Philippa in as a ‘domicella,’ or lady-in-waiting. 〔 This phase of her life began with the households of Elizabeth of Ulster and Queen Philippa, and ended with Constanza of Castile.〔Szarmach, Paul E. Medieval England: An Encyclopedia. New York: Garland Publishing, 1998. 172.〕 These associations proved to be valuable, as Philippa began to receive annuities from Edward III, Richard II, and John of Gaunt, Costanza's husband.
Philippa is believed to have picked up the nickname "Philippa Pan" while working at Elizabeth of Ulster's household. There are records from 1357–1359 from the house of Elizabeth of Ulster which mention "a lady designated as Philippa Pan".〔Braddy, Haldeen. “Chaucer's Philippa, Daughter of Panneto.” Modern Language Notes 64.5 (1949). 342.〕 "Pan" may have been abbreviated for the word “Panetaria,” meaning mistress of the pantry, which is most likely where Philippa worked in the Ulster household.〔 The name might also come from her father, who sometimes went by 'Paon' or Payne.〔
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